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Grumman F-14A Tomcat
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Failure of the General Dynamics F-lllB to meet US Navy requirements for an advanced carrier-based air superiority fighter left a significant gap in the Navy's inventory. Following its cancellation in April l968, the Navy launched a new design contest in which the finalists were Grumman and McDonnell with the former declared the winner with its proposed variable geometry, two-seat twin-engined aircraft. Designated the F-l4 and eventually named Tomcat, procurement began in l969 for 700 aircraft for completion in the early nineties. Deliveries to the Navy began in June l972 with deployment of operational carrier squadrons in l974.
The ability to sweep its wings aft 43 degrees from the horizontal, coupled with twin 2l,000 lb thrust engines, enables the F-l4 to achieve speeds in excess of twice the speed of sound. The degree of variable sweep is a function of aircraft speed and is computer controlled. As aircraft speed bleeds off for whatever reason (high-g's, landing, etc.), the computer automatically compensates by extending the wing for more lift to prevent a stall from occurring.On December 21, 1970, the Grumman F-14A Tomcat fleet air defense fighter made its first flight at Long Island, New York.
The F-14As made a brief appearance over Vietnam, flying protective patrols for helicopters effecting the final evacuation of US forces from Saigon with no opposition from enemy fighters. The Middle East was to become the scene of the Tomcat's combat initiation during encounters with Libyan fighters over the Gulf of Sidra in 1981 when several Sukhoi SU-22 fighters were shot down. In its interceptor roll, the F-14 proved invaluable during the Gulf War providing cover for airborne Navy and USAF support aircraft as well as blocking Iraqi aircraft from flying to safe-havens in Iran.
The F-l4 with its Phoenix air-to-air missile, coupled with airborne early warning aircraft, is able to simultaneously intercept, engage and destroy up to five incoming enemy aircraft out to distances in excess of five hundred miles from a carrier task force. Reduction of force requirements and concurrent cuts in defense spending has necessitated replacement of the F-l4s by F/A-l8s by the year two thousand. While the latter aircraft lacks the long range air defense capability of the F-l4, it is cheaper to produce and costs less to operate per flight hour. In addition, only a pilot need be trained as compared to a pilot and NFO in the F-l4.
The Museum's aircraft (BuNo l57984) was received from NavAirSysCom.
TECHNICAL DATA (F-l4A)
Manufacturer: Grumman Aircraft
Type: Carrier-borne interceptor
Crew: Pilot and Radar Intercept Officer
Powerplant: Two 20,900 lb s.t. (with burners) P&W TF-30-P-4l2A or 4l4A turbofans
Dimensions: Span (max spread) 64'l.5"
................. span (fully swept for ship stowage) 33'3.5";
................. length 62'8"
Weight: 74,349 lbs gross
Speed: Mach 2.34
Range: 1,000 miles tactical
Armament: Air-to-air missiles, one 20 mm cannon
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